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The thin layer of tissue that lines certain organs may develop malignant mesothelioma. The most common type of mesothelioma begins in the lungs, and is referred to as pleural msothelioma. Less common cases begin in the abdomen and are known as peritoneal mesothelioma.

People who are exposed to asbestos may develop mesothelioma if asbestos fibers get into the lungs or stomach and cause irritation. It can take as long as 50 years or more for symptoms to appear.

Signs and symptoms

The mesothelioma-related cancerous cells are located in the tissue that lines the stomach, lungs and other organs. Patients with mesothelioma might be afflicted by symptoms such as shortness-of-breath, pain and fever, as well as fluid accumulation and weight loss. The symptoms may vary based on the type of disease and its stage. They depend on the location where the tumor is situated and the speed at which it grows.

Mesothelioma is so rare that it can be difficult for doctors to recognize. The disease can be long-lasting and the symptoms may look or feel similar to less serious illnesses like pneumonia. As a result, it is crucial for asbestos exposure victims to consult their physician if they experience symptoms that are persistent or unusual. They should also let their doctor know about any history of asbestos exposure.

Trouble breathing, chest pain, and shortness breath are the most common symptoms of mesothelioma of the pleura. As the mesothelioma expands and the lungs are inflamed, the symptoms may worsen. In the most severe cases, the fluid can accumulate in the lungs or the chest wall, causing extreme pain.

In addition to mesothelioma symptoms, people with this illness may have trouble swallowing or experience abdominal pain. These symptoms can also cause some people to lose weight and suffer from an appetite reduction. The mesothelioma toxins can also affect the kidneys, making them reduce their ability to function properly.

A doctor may request imaging scans or blood tests to check for abnormalities, depending on the type of mesothelioma. These include CT (computer tomography) scans, MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and PET (positron emission tomography) scans. These tests help doctors determine the best treatment for mesothelioma patients by excluding other illnesses.

Chest X rays are also useful in diagnosing Mesothelioma. Mesothelioma can cause the chest cavity and lungs to appear cloudy or discolored. A doctor can perform the procedure known as VATS (video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery) to reduce the inflammation caused by fluid buildup and improve breathlessness. It can also remove any tissue samples for testing.

Diagnosis

Mesothelioma is an asbestos cancer that is found in the tissues of organs like the lungs and abdomen. It is a rare cancer however, those who have been exposed to asbestos are at risk of developing it. The symptoms may be similar to other conditions and illnesses and it is therefore important to get a diagnosis from your doctor.

A mesothelioma diagnosis is based on physical examinations, blood tests and imaging tests. These tests are usually performed in a hospital or clinic and may include an X-ray, CT scan, or MRI. X-rays are a way to see the internal structures of your body like your abdomen and chest. They can show an accumulation of fluid between the chest wall and the lungs and is referred to as pleural effusion. They may also show a lump or mass in the abdomen, chest or any other part of the body.

MRI and CT scans offer more precise images than X-rays of the organs you have and can be utilized by doctors to determine the location and size of mesothelioma. These scans can also show whether mesothelioma has spread to other areas of your body.

Another vital diagnostic tool is a biopsy in which a small amount of fluid or tissue is taken away and examined for cancerous cells. The most frequent mesothelioma biopsies are fine needle aspiration and the surgical biopsy. A more invasive surgical biopsy may be recommended if the results from other tests aren't conclusive, or if the symptoms of pleural mesothelioma suggest it is located in your chest cavity or lungs.

The most invasive procedures for diagnosing Mesothelioma pericardial and peritoneal include inserting a tube containing video cameras in the abdomen or chest. This can be used by a surgeon to take samples of tissue or fluids to test. They can also perform VATS, which is a type of keyhole surgery.

Your doctor may also order blood tests and other medical tests in addition to the mesothelioma test in order to determine how well your organs function. Your doctor will conduct a complete physical exam as well as examine your lymph nodes, your heart and other organs that could be affected by mesothelioma. They will also ask about your experience with asbestos lawyer exposure as well as any previous ailments or treatments you've had.

Treatment

The type of mesothelioma and the stage determine the treatment. The stage of the cancer is determined by a mix of factors, including the speed at which the tumor grows and spreads, how long it takes for symptoms to manifest, and whether or not the disease has metastasized.

People are more likely to develop mesothelioma when they have certain risk factors. One of the most significant is asbestos exposure and gender. One can be exposed to asbestos by working directly with the material or indirectly through other jobs or activities. Exposure can happen over a number of years and even decades before mesothelioma symptoms begin to manifest.

Asbestos is a natural mineral that is extremely durable and heat resistant. In the process of mining or when workers remove asbestos insulation, the material can become broken up into tiny dust particles that could be inhaled or swallowed. If inhaled, the fibers may cause irritation, scarring and cell changes that can cause mesothelioma.

A range of procedures can be used to detect mesothelioma. Doctors can take samples of pleural fluid by performing a procedure referred to as thoracentesis or insert a needle into the chest for the collection of a tissue sample. Other diagnostic tools include MRI and CT scans, which show the chest and abdomen where tumors or masses are located.

Once an diagnosis has been confirmed, doctors can treat it to lessen the symptoms and pain. Some patients receive a combination of treatments that includes chemotherapy, surgery, and radiation. Certain doctors also include the treatment of tumors and immunotherapy in a mesothelioma plan.

If a patient experiences a build-up of fluid around their lungs doctors can treat it by draining the excess through tubes placed inside the chest (pleurodesis). In some instances patients may have a genetic mutation that increases the risk of developing mesothelioma. Genetic counselors can help determine if a test is appropriate for the patient.

A doctor will schedule follow-up visits following mesothelioma treatment. These visits will allow the doctor to monitor the patient's condition and check for signs of an increase in the incidence.

Prognosis

Mesothelioma is usually caused by exposure to asbestos, a class of minerals made up of microscopic fibres often used in the construction industry. These fibres can lodge in the linings of organs such as the lungs and stomach cavity when people breathe them in or swallow them. As time passes, they can cause irritation and eventually lead to cancers forming. The symptoms typically don't show until a long time after the initial exposure. Most patients are diagnosed with Mesothelioma in later life.

The symptoms of mesothelioma depend on the type and stage of the cancer, as well as which part of the body it's in. Pleural mesothelioma develops in the lining of the lungs (pleura), and is the most common cause mesothelioma that develops inside the stomach cavity. Other types of mesothelioma may be found in the membrane surrounding the heart or reproductive organs.

Once a diagnosis is made, doctors can use various tests to determine the severity of the cancer and determine the best treatment for the patient. Doctors can test mesothelioma with chest X-rays, CT scan, ultrasound or urine and blood samples or a biopsy. X-rays, CT scans and ultrasounds can be used to determine if the tumor has spread or not.

Doctors can determine whether it's epithelioid or mesothelioma of the pleural region. Both types can develop and spread more quickly at later stages, especially if cancer has been able to spread to lymph nodes or other body parts.

In certain instances doctors can eliminate mesothelioma completely. This can improve the prognosis of the patient. In the majority of cases, mesothelioma has advanced too far to be removed surgically. Patients may have to undergo other treatments to prolong their lives.

Certain characteristics of patients can impact the survival rate of mesothelioma, according to research. People who have a family history of the disease or who are younger and in better health have a better chance of survival. Other factors include whether or not a person smokes or uses tobacco, as well as the amount of health issues they suffer from.